1. Eyes; distinctly hairy, setulae longer than width of an ommatidium ………………………….… 2
– Eyes; bare or practically bare ...……………………………………………….…………... 9
2. Anterior genal setae: forming a single row along mouth margin (Fig. H ) …………………………... 3
– Anterior genal setae: in multiple rows or widely spread. (Fig. G ) ………………………………… 4
3. Legs; tarsomeres brownish yellow. Calypteres; fringe dark. Wing; Intercostal section (Fig. P) greatly exceeding maximum width of costal cell, costa bare. Scutellum; disc with ~ 6 setulae, the anterior of these arising slightly anterior of a line joining lateral scutellar setae. Proepimeron; with 4-5 setulae Male terminalia (Fig. 1) Surstylus projecting ventrally beyond shell of epandrium for most of its length, inner surface stoutly spinose, phallus bi-segmented, distiphallus slightly sinuous and ~equal in length to basiphallus. Female aculeus, apical segment without very long setae situated half way along dorsal surface. …………………………………….. hirticeps Zetterstedt
– Legs; all tarsomeres black. Calypteres; fringe pale. Wing; Intercostal section of wing ~ 0.5x maximum width of costal cell, costa usually bearing numerous small black spinules. Male terminalia; Surstylus projecting posteriorly beyond shell of epandrium as a finger-like process, phallus bi-segmented, distiphallus almost straight and longer than basiphallus (Fig.2). Female aculeus, apical segment with a pair of very long setae situated half way along dorsal surface. ………………………………..………… corusca Czerny
4. Legs; all tarsomeres entirely black dorsally AND ventrally … (fraxina group) …..…… 5
– Legs; at least some tarsomeres yellow or brown (Fig. M) (check carefully under t1 of hind leg ) ................................................... 8
5. Male terminalia; inner surface of surstylus with a distinct row of strong setulae parallel to the ventral margin (Figs. 3, 4 ) ..................................................................................... 6
– Male terminalia; Inner surface of surstylus with only scattered setulae (Figs. 5, 6) ........... 7
6. Male terminalia; Inner surface of surstylus; strong setulae forming a single row of ~ 6, a small spiculate rounded process lying anterior to these (Fig. 3). Both sexes - Proepimeron; usually with 2 setae. Scutellum; disc bare. Wing; intercostal space length to depth ratio ~3:1 ..................... angelina MacGowan
– Male terminalia; Inner surface of surstylus, strong setulae forming double or triple row of between 14 and 20, no rounded small spiculate anterior process (Fig. 4). Both sexes - Proepimeron; usually with > 3 setae. Scutellum; disc usually setulose. Wing; intercostal space length to depth ratio in range of 4-6:1 .....................fraxina MacGowan & Rotheray.
7. Male terminalia; Inner surface of surstylus with only a few scattered spinules, without an anterior setulose raised area. Basal section of phallus distinctly broader than apical section (Fig.5). Both sexes - Proepimeron; with 1 or occasionally 2/3 setae. Wing; Intercostal section length to depth ratio in range of 2.8-3.3:1 ...................... iona MacGowan.
– Male terminalia; Inner surface of surstylus with ~ 20-30 scattered spinules, a finely setulose raised area lying anterior to these (Fig. 6). Phallus, basal section only slightly wider than apical section (Fig.). Both sexes - Proepimeron; with 1 or occasionally 2 setae. Wing; Intercostal section length to depth ratio 2 :1. Eyes: can be bare (see couplet 13). ..................spicata MacGowan.
8. Legs; only t1 orange-yellow ventrally (Fig. M). Proepimeron: ~ 20 setulae. Setulae present in notopleural depression. Postpedicellus; length to depth 1.7 : 1, entirely black. Wing; length 3.8mm.. Face and parafacials intensely silvery-grey. Male terminalia: Surstylus extending posteriorly as two rounded processes. Phallus, basiphallus narrowing from base to apex. (Fig.7)…….. albigena Collin
* Lonchaea mamaevi Kovalev, 1973 fits in here - it has lighter (brownish pollinose) genae (Russian far east).
– Legs; Usually t1-3 yellow, t4 dusky, t5 black. Notopleural depression bare. Wing; length 3.0mm. Postpedicellus; length to depth 1.6 : 1, entirely black. Male terminalia, Surstylus hardly extending posteriorly from shell of epandrium. Phallus; basiphallus parallel sided (Fig. 8). ………….. nitens (Bigot)
9. Anterior genal setae: multiserial (Fig. G) ……………….…………...…….…... 10
– Anterior genal setae: forming a single row along mouth margin (Fig. H) ……………………….. … 18
10. Proepimeron: usually only 1 seta. (Fig. K) ………………………………….…………….. 11
– Proepimeron: with a few well developed setae / setulae (Fig. J) ……… (patens group ) ..…… 15
11. Males - Legs: Hind femora without long anterodorsal setae. Male terminalia:: cerci not greatly elongated (widespread species) ………………………………………………………………… 12
– Males - Legs: Hind femora with several long anterodorsal setae on apical half. Male terminalia:: cerci >2x height of epandrium (Figs. 11 & 12) (Mediterranean area only ) …………..…. 14
12. Legs: t1 clear orange-yellow in contrast to dark apical segments. Anterior genal setulae; partly multiserial. Postpedicellus; entirely black, length to depth ratio 2.4:1. Wing; length 3.5mm. Male terminalia; Cerci diamond- shaped, epandrium with a median bulge, inner surface of surstyli covered with dense short setae. Phallus; a simple J-shape (Fig. 9)…….….… tarsata Fallen
– Legs: completely black. Male terminalia: Phallus bi-segmented. (Figs. 6, 10) Antennal postpedicellus entirely black, 2x as long as deep. ……………….. 13
13. Male terminalia: Surstylus projecting posteriorly from shell of epandrium as a pointed triangular process, ventral margin of surstylus partly serrate. Phallus; basiphallus rather straight, distiphallus only slightly recurved apically (Fig. 10). Proepimeron; usually with 2 setae. (AGS can also be considered uniserial)…… …………………………………………………………………………… stelviana MacGowan
– Male terminalia: Surstylus posteriorly forming a rounded process, numerous strong setulae extending beyond the ventral margin. Phallus; basiphallus obviously curved, distiphallus more substantially recurved apically (Fig.6). Proepimeron; with 1 or occasionally 2 setae. Eyes; occasionally setulose (see couplet 7 above) ................................................................................................. spicata MacGowan.
14. Males: Legs; Anterior leg with t1 longer than tibia. Hind tibia with small ventral swelling on basal third, this covered in short, dense setulae. Mid tibia without a fringe of long posterior setae. Male terminalia ; surstylus contained within shell of epandrium, phallus bi-segmented, basiphallus and distiphallus long and sinuous (Fig. 11)……………..… longitarsis MacGowan (Israel)
– Males: Legs; Anterior leg with t1 of normal length. Mid tibiae apically with a fringe of long posterior setulae. Male terminalia; surstylus projecting ventrally from shell of epandrium as a broad rounded lobe, setulose apically. Phallus only partially bi-segmented, basiphallus and distiphallus relatively broad, not sinuous (Fig. 12) ………… setifemora MacGowan (Spain, S. France)
15. Legs; Tarsomeres almost entirely dark, at most t1 of hind leg brownish ventrally (Fig M). Proepimeron; 1 well developed seta and a few weaker setulae. Scutellum; a few setulae present on disc. Male terminalia; Surstylus extending ventrally from shell of epandrium as a large spiculate lobe. Phallus with 2 serrated lateral processes (Fig. 13) ……………………………. hyalipennis Zetterstedt
- Legs; Tarsomeres obviously yellow/ orange. Male terminalia : not as above …………………………. 16
16. Scutellum; setulae present on margin anterior to lateral setae (Fig. D). .…………………….……. 17
– Scutellum; without setulae on margin anterior to lateral setae (Fig F). Proepimeron; with 4 (1 stout and 3 fine) setulae. Male terminalia; phallus; distiphallus strongly curved apically (Fig. 14) ……..… vagans Kovalev
17. Proepimeron; with up to 7 setulae. Legs; basal and t2 yellow. Anterior genal setae; obviously multiserial. Male terminalia; cerci large. Phallus; distiphallus almost straight (Fig. 15). …. . patens Collin
– Proepimeron; with ~ 12 setulae. Legs; only basal tarsomeres yellow. Anterior genal setae; only partly multiserial. Male terminalia; cerci small, phallus with distiphallus sinuous (Fig.16). Frons; densely covered in long black setulae ~. 0.75x length of orbital seta. Orbital plates; with 1 setulae, this more than half as long as orbital seta. Antennal postpedicellus; entirely black, 1.5x as long as deep. ……………….. germanica MacGowan