T.  Becker, ?Dipterologische Studien. III. Lonchaeidae.?,  Entomologische Zeitschrift, vol. 40, pp. 313-344, 1895.

C. H. T.  Townsend, ?Contributions to the dipterology of North America. I. Syrphidae; II. Tabanidae, Conopidae, Tachinidae, etc.?, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. (Phila.), vol. 22, pp. 33-55; 55-80, 1895.