@article {2714, title = {Survey of Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae (Diptera), their host plants and parasitoids in the state of Sergipe, Brazil}, journal = {Nativa, Sinop,}, volume = {8}, year = {2020}, pages = {413-418}, abstract = {

RESUMO: Este \é o primeiro levantamento de esp\écies de Tephritidae e Lonchaeidae, suas plantas hospedeiras
e parasitoides no estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Foram amostrados frutos de diversas esp\écies em pomares, quintais
e feiras livres de 13 munic\ípios, de 22 a 26 de outubro de 2018 e de 7 a 11 de janeiro de 2019. Foram coletadas
89 amostras de frutos (4.930 frutos; 111,5 kg) de 28 esp\écies vegetais pertencentes a 17 fam\ílias. Houve
infesta\ç\ão de larvas em 29 amostras de frutos pertencentes a 11 esp\écies vegetais de 8 fam\ílias. Tamb\ém foram
usadas armadilhas tipo McPhail com o atrativo Ceratrap\®, em cinco munic\ípios. Cinco esp\écies de tefrit\ídeos
(Anastrepha spp. e Ceratitis capitata), tr\ês de lonque\ídeos (Neosilba spp.), nove de hospedeiros e uma de
parasitoides s\ão registradas pela primeira vez no estado de Sergipe.

}, doi = {DOI: https://doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v8i3.8596}, author = {Barreto, M. R. and Adaime, R. and de Sousa, M. S. M. and de SOUZA-FILHOA, M. F. and Strikis, P.C. and Teodoro, A. V. and Zucchi, R. A.} } @article {2709, title = {Host plants and distribution records of lance flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in S{\~a}o Paulo State, Brazil}, journal = {Entomobrasilis}, volume = {14}, year = {2021}, abstract = {

The knowledge of host plants, distribution and economic importance of Lonchaeidae is scarce in Latin America. We have recovered specimens of Lonchaeidae from most fruit samples containing specimens of Tephritidae. The compilation of information is essential to determine the diversity of species and the relationship with their hosts. In addition to the list of records based on early publications, we add unpublished data of Lonchaeids recovered from plant samples collected in the Instituto Biol\ógico, S\ão Paulo, Brazil. In total, 18 species of Lonchaeidae, belonging to the genera Dasiops, Lonchaea and Neosilba were registered in S\ão Paulo, and associated with 111 host plant species and 27 botanical families. New records are listed and geographical distribution is available by specific maps.

}, url = {https://www.entomobrasilis.org/index.php/ebras/article/view/v14.e942}, author = {Ester Marques de Sousa and L{\'e}o Rodrigo Ferreira Louzeiro and Pedro Carlos Strikis and Miguel Francisco Souza-Filho and Adalton Raga} } @article {2704, title = { Registro de Neosilba zadolicha Mcalpine \& Steyskal (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) em frutos de Mandacaru}, year = {2018}, doi = { https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000882016.} } @article {2340, title = {Diversity of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritoidea) and Their Host Plants in a Conservation Unit from Midwestern Brazil}, journal = {Florida Entomologist}, volume = {102}, year = {2019}, pages = {562-570}, abstract = {

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae) awere sampled in the Serra da Bodoquena National Park (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil) and surrounding areas. TThirty-nine plant species from 29 plant families were collected. Twelve fruit species were hosts to fruit fly larvae. The survey resulted in the recovery of 1,476 larvae and 968 adult fruit flies. Among the adultswere 90 Lonchaidae,\  3 spp of Neosilba (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) were obtained.\ 

Neosilba glaberrima (Wiedemann) and Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine \& Steyskal are recorded for the first time infesting Persea americana Miller (Lauraceae), and Neosilba certa (Walker) (all Diptera: Lonchaeidae) infesting Chrysophyllum gonocarpum (Mart. \& Eichler) Engl. (Sapotaceae),\ 

}, author = {Luciano Brasil Martins de Almeida and Jo{\~a}o B. Coelho and MANOEL A. UCHOA and Laura J. Gisloti} } @article {2338, title = {Lance Flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) Associated with Acca Sellowiana (Myrtaceae) in Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

A total of 224 pupae was obtained,71 adults of Lonchaeidae emerged. . The 35 male specimens recovered\  were identified as:

Neosilba pradoi Strikis \& Lerena (N = 27),

Neosilba delvechioi Strikis 2011 (N = 4),

Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine \& Steyskal (N = 2),

Neosilba bella Strikis \& Prado (N = 1), and

Neosilba bifida Strikis \& Prado (N = 1).

This is the first report of N. bifida, N. delvechioi, and N. pradoi infesting fruits of feijoa.

This is the first report of N. bella, N. bifida, and N. delvechioi\  from the state of Santa Catarina.

}, author = {Gabriely Koerich Souza and Tiago Georg Pikart and Pedro Carlos Strikis and Viviane Lunelli de Oliveira and Mariana Bender and Pedro Boff and Mari In{\^e}s Carissimi Boff} } @article {2332, title = {Lance Flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) Associated with Acca Sellowiana (Myrtaceae) in Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil}, year = {2019}, abstract = {

This study documents the species of lance flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) associated with fruits of feijoa (Acca sellowiana [Berg] Burret) (Myrtaceae), as well as their infestation level in an orchard located in Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Neosilba bifida, N. delvechioi, and N. pradoi are reported for the first time damaging fruits of feijoa. Moreover, this is the first report of the presence of N. bella, N. bifida, and N. delvechioi from the state of Santa Catarina.

}, doi = { https://doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0144}, author = {Souza, G. K. and Pikart, T.G. and Pedro Carlos Strikis and de Oliveira, V. L. and Bender, M. and Boff, P. and Boff, M. I. C.} } @article {2325, title = {New records of Anestrepa grandis (Diptrea; Tephritidae) and Neosilba zadolicha(Diptera; Lonchaeidae) in Cucurbitaceae species in Brazil}, journal = {Journal of Agriculture and Zoology Research International}, volume = {13}, year = {2017}, pages = {1-7}, abstract = {

\ This is the first report of natural infestation by Neosilba zadolicha on bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) and mogango ((Cucurbita pepo) in Brazil

}, issn = {2394-1073}, author = {Baldo, f.B. and Berton L.H.C. and Gisloti, L.J. and Raga, A.} } @article {2318, title = {First Report of Neosilba pradoi and Dasiops frieseni (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in Cultivated and Wild Hosts in Uruguay}, journal = {Florida Entomologist }, volume = {100}, year = {2017}, month = {Dec 2017}, chapter = {831-832.}, abstract = {

We report Neosilba pradoi and Dasiops frieseni (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) for the first time in Uruguay, which is the most southern distribution yet found for these species. Moreover, new host associations are recorded: D. frieseni in Citrus sinensis cv. Valencia and an undetermined lonchaeid in Acanthosyris spinescens.

}, author = {Calvo, G. and Alexandra Delgado and Scatoni I and Garda F R M} } @article {2317, title = {Species of Neosilba (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) recorded in citrus-producing region in the state of Par{\'a}, Brazil}, journal = {Biotemas}, volume = {30}, year = {2017}, month = {September 2017}, pages = {85-87}, abstract = {

Neosilba glaberrima, pendula and zadolicha recorded from Para province, Brazil.

}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2017v30n3p85}, author = {Alison Pureza Castilho and Walkym{\'a}rio de Paulo Lemos and Pedro Carlos Strikis and Maria do Socorro Miranda de Sousa and Ricardo Adaime} } @article {2241, title = {New Findings on Lonchaeidae (Diptera: Tephritoidea) in the Brazilian Amazon}, journal = {Florida Entomologist,}, volume = {98}, year = {2015}, pages = {1227-1237}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.098.0433}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1653/024.098.0433}, author = {Lemos, L. N. and Adaime, R and Costa-Neto, S.V. and Gloria de Deus, E. and Jesus-Barros, C. R. and Strikis, P.C.} } @article {2232, title = {Lance fly (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) host plants in the State of S{\~a}o Paulo, Southeast Brasil.}, journal = {Entomotropica}, volume = {30}, year = {2015}, pages = {57-68}, abstract = {

Many species of Lonchaeidae predominate in the complex of fruit flies (Tephritoidea) infesting more species of host fruits that the species of Tephritidae. In the southern hemisphere, very little is known about the diversity of the species of Lonchaeidae and their host relationship. This paper records the species of Lonchaeidae and their respective host plants as recovered out of a total of 1,522 samples of fruit relating to 113 plant species coming from 94 municipalities of the State of S\ão Paulo, Brazil. A total of 26,906 Lonchaeidae adults were obtained, belonging to 14 species of Neosilba McAlpine, Dasiops inedulis Steyskal, Dasiops frieseni Norrbom \& McAlpine and Lonchaea sp. Specimens of Neosilba represented 99.78 \% of the adults recovered: N. bella Strikis \& Prado, N. bifida Strikis \& Prado, N. certa (Walker), N. cornuphallus Strikis, N. dimidiata Curran, N. inesperata Strikis \& Prado, N. glaberrima (Wiedemann), N. laura Strikis, N. paramerolatus Strikis, N. parva Hennig, N. pradoi Strikis \& Lerena, N. pendula (Bezzi), N. perezi (Romero \& Ruppel) and N. zadolicha McAlpine \& Steyskal. Neosilba zadolicha is predominant, abundant and generalist species

}, url = {http://www.entomotropica.org/index.php/entomotropica/article/viewFile/455/575}, author = {Raga, A. and de Souza-Filho, MF and Strikis, P.C. and Montes, S.M.N.M.} } @article {2212, title = {Lonchaeidae (Diptera: Tephritoidea) Associated witthe Genus Annona in Mexico }, journal = {Southwestern Entomologist}, volume = {40}, year = {2015}, month = {2015}, pages = {121-130}, author = {Carlos Patricio Illescas Riquelme and H{\'e}ctor Gonz{\'a}lez and Jorge Valdez Carrasco and Mar{\'\i}a Celina Micaela Llanderal and Cesar Ruiz Montiel} } @article {2204, title = {Fruit Flies and Lance Flies (Diptera: Tephritoidea) and Their Host Plants in a Conservation Unit of the Cerrado Biome in Tocantins, Brazil}, journal = {Florida Entomologist }, volume = {97}, year = {2014}, pages = {1139-1147}, abstract = {

Fruit flies (Tephritidae) and lance flies (Lonchaeidae) are specialized in exploring fruits as resource, and the native Angiospermae represent potential hosts for their frugivorous larvae. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of fruit fly and lance fly species with native host fruits in the Parque Estadual do Lajeado, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. The survey was carried out from May 2011 to Apr 2013, with sampling of fruits to obtain third instar larvae, pupae and adults. We sampled fruits of 18 plant species of which 7 were infested by fruit flies or lance flies, and from which emerged 888 adults of Neosilba spp. (Lonchaeidae), and 81 adults of Anastrepha (Tephritidae). Neosilba zadolicha emerged from fruit of Siparuna camporum, Dyospiros hispida, Annona coreacea, Mouriri pusa, Cheiloclinium cognatum and Salacia crassifolia. Neosilba bifida, N. glaberrima, and Neosilba n. sp.1, emerged from fruits of D. hispida.

}, author = {Bonfim do D.A. and Gisloti, L.J. and MANOEL A. UCHOA} } @inbook {2157, title = {Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritoidea): Biology, Host Plants, Natural Enemies, and the Implications to Their Natural Control}, booktitle = {Integrated Pest Management and Pest Control - Current and Future Tactics }, year = {2012}, pages = {271-300}, publisher = {InTech}, organization = {InTech}, chapter = {12}, issn = {978-953-51-0050-8}, author = {MANOEL A. UCHOA} } @article {2143, title = {New species of Neosilba McAlpine (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) and new records from Colombia}, journal = {Papeis Avulsos de Zoologica}, volume = {52}, year = {2012}, pages = {361-385}, abstract = {

The Neotropical genus of lance flies Neosilba McAlpine could be found associated with fruits,
flowers or buds of plants. There are few basic or applied studies of these insects, including data on
taxonomy and/or economic importance. We described ten new species from Colombia: N. plana
sp. nov., N. tolimensis sp. nov., N. amphora sp. nov., N. convexa sp. nov., N. concava sp. nov.,
N. orbata sp. nov., N. spiculata sp. nov., N. angusta sp. nov., N. distospinosa sp. nov. and
N. piracea sp. nov. We presented a key for the all 40 valid species of the genus, included in five
groups and two subgroups: major, parva, peltae, pendula and glaberrima groups. Glaberrima
includes the two subgroups glaberrima and certa, and pendula includes the pendula and nigrocaerulea
subgroups. Neosilba parva and N. bifida are reported for first time in Colombia.

}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf\&pid=S0031-10492012021100001\&lng=en\&nrm=iso\&tlng=en}, author = {Pedro E. Galeano-Olaya and Nelson A. Canal} } @article {2141, title = {New records of occurrence of five species of Neosilba (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in the State of Bahia, Brazil}, journal = {CIENCIA RURAL }, volume = {43}, year = {2013}, pages = {1744-1746}, chapter = {1744}, abstract = {

This paper reports the record of new species of Neosilba in the State of Bahia: Neosilba bella Strikis \& Prado; Neosilba cornuphallus Strikis; Neosilba dimidiata (Curran); Neosilba ilheuense Strikis and Neosilba pseudozadolicha Strikis. Frugivorous flies were captured by McPhail traps, using a hydrolyzed protein at 5.0\%, as attractant, and also obtained of fruits samples of native and exotic plant species, which were collected in domestic orchards in the South of Bahia

}, author = {Bittencourt, MAL and de Menezes AMS and Bomfin JPD and dos Santos OO and Castellani MA and Strikis, P.C.} } @article {2139, title = {First report of Lonchaeidae (Diptera) infesting fruits of Byrsonima crassifolia in Brazil}, journal = {REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE ENTOMOLOGIA }, volume = {38}, year = {2012}, pages = {363-364}, abstract = {

Neosilba zadolicha and Neosilba bella (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) are reported for the first time in fruits of Byrsonima crassifolia (Malpighiaceae) in Brazil. They are considered occasional species on this tropical fruit.

}, author = {Adaime, R and Strikis, P.C. and de Souza-Filho, MF and Lima, CR. and Lasa, R} } @article {2112, title = {Parasitism of Neosilba perezi (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) Larvae by a Braconid, Phaenocarpa neosilba (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae)}, journal = {Florida Entomologist}, volume = {95}, year = {2012}, pages = {900-904}, abstract = {

Neosilba perezi (Romero \& Ruppel) is known as the cassava shoot fly or shoot fly, because, unlike other species of its genus, its larvae feed exclusively on shoots of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). These larvae kill the affected cassava shoots. Natural parasitism by a braconid, Phaenocarpa neosilba Arouca \& Penteado-Dias, 2006, on shoot fly larvae was studied at 3 locations in the southwestern region of the state of S\ão Paulo, Brazil. Larvae-infested shoots of cassava were collected at 3 distinct locations where cassava crops were grown. The shoots were kept in plastic boxes for pupation and emergence of adult flies and the parasitoid. The percentage of parasitism was separately correlated with temperature, rainfall, and age of the cassava plants. The average percent parasitism was 24.36\%. A negative correlation between temperature and percent parasitism was observed at 1 location. At all 3 study areas percent parasitism of N. perezi showed a negative correlation with plant age. Therefore, given the high percent parasitism observed at the 3 locations, natural biological control may be an important factor in the population dynamics of N. perezi.

}, keywords = {parasitism}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1653/024.095.0412}, author = {Gisloti, L.J. and A. P. do Prado} } @article {2111, title = {Infestation of cassava genotypes by Neosilba perezi (Romero \& Ruppell) (Diptera: Lonchaeidae)}, journal = {Neotropical Entomology}, volume = {40}, year = {2011}, pages = {613-616}, abstract = {

The objectives of this work were to assess the infestation of ten genotypes of cassava by the shoot fly Neosilba perezi (Romero \& Ruppell) and to investigate effects of plant age, temperature or precipitation on cassava plants infestation by the shoot fly. Thirty-two individuals of each cassava genotype were planted and analyzed every two weeks in order to calculate the percentage of plants infested by shoot fly larvae at each sampling event and per genotype. Infestation by the fly was different across the genotypes. Genotype IAC Caapora 105-66 and genotype IAC Cascuda were resistant to shoot fly infestation, whereas the genotype IAC 15 was the most susceptible to this insect. Plant age may have an influence on infestation by shoot flies. Advanced plant age apparently favors lower or even inexistent infestation rates. However, infestation rate does not seem to be affected by temperature or precipitation.

}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1519-566X2011000500014\&script=sci_arttext}, author = {Gisloti, L.J. and A. P. do Prado} } @article {2042, title = {Frugivory of Neosilba Species (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) and Thepytus echelta (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) on Psittacanthus (Santalales: Loranthaceae) in Ecotonal Cerrado-South Pantanal, Brazil}, journal = {Florida Entomologist}, volume = {95}, year = {2012}, pages = {630-640}, abstract = {A survey of the insects that feed on fruits of Psittacanthus martius (Santalales: Loranthaceae), a hemiparasitic mistletoe genus that infects trees in Brazil and other neotropical countries. The aim of the study was to identify candidate insects for biological control of Psittacanthus mistletoes. Unripe and mature fruits were collected in several localities of Cerrado, bordering South Pantanal, Southwestern Brazil, from 29 Apr 1998 to 30 Jul 2000. A total of 24,710 fruits (54 samples) of Psittacanthus acinarius infecting 15 species from 10 plant families were evaluated. Psittacanthus acinarius (Mart.) was the most abundant and frequent species of mistletoe parasitizing trees in the ecotonal Cerrado-Pantanal. From 24,710 fruits of Psittacanthus acinarius were obtained 1,812 insect larvae including 1,806 Neosilba McAlpine (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) species and 6 Thepytus echelta (Hewitson) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). From these emerged 1,550 Neosilba spp. adults and 6 T. echelta. Neosilba pantanense Strikis was described from this research. Larvae of T. echelta occurred in fruits of P. acinarius parasitizing Cecropia pachystachya Tr{\'e}cul (Urticaceae) and Anadenanthera colubrina (Vellozo) Brenan (Fabaceae). Larvae of Neosilba caused no adverse effects on the germination of infected fruits of Psittacanthus, because they do not eat the embryo or viscin tissues. This differs from the larvae of T. echelta that interrupted the germination of seeds by feeding on those tissues. Thepytus echelta may be a promising insect for the biological control of P. acinarius in the ecotonal Cerrado-Pantanal, although its abundance and frequency were low throughout the sampling period.}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1653/024.095.0314}, author = {MANOEL A. UCHOA and Claudenir S. Caires and Jos{\'e} N. Nic{\'a}cio and Marcelo Duarte} } @article {2041, title = {First report of infestation of cassava fruit, Manihot esculenta, by Neosilba perezi (Romero \& Ruppell) (Lonchaeidae) in Brazil}, journal = {Brazilian Journal of Biology}, volume = {72}, year = {2012}, pages = {631 - 632}, abstract = {

This is the first report of N. perezi in cassava fruits in Ponte Nova, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Up until now, the species had been obtained only from leaf buds.

}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1519-69842012000300029\&script=sci_arttext}, author = {Strikis, P.C. and Marsaro J{\'u}nior, AL. and Adaime, R and Lima, CR.} } @article {1805, title = {HOSPEDEIROS E N{\'I}VEIS DE INFESTA{\c C}{\~A}O DE NEOSILBA PENDULA (BEZZI) (DIPTERA: LONCHAEIDAE) NA REGI{\~A}O DE MOSSOR{\'O}/ASSU, RN}, journal = {Arquivos de Institutio Biologico, S{\~a}o Paulo,}, volume = {61}, year = {2002}, pages = {91-94}, abstract = {HOST PLANTS AND INFESTATION LEVELS OF NEOSILBA PENDULA (BEZZI) (DIPTERA: LONCHAEIDAE) IN MOSSOR{\'O}/ASSU, RN, BRAZIL. Studies on frugivorous flies in Mossor{\'o}/ Assu, RN, has been limited to species of Anastrepha and Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.). However, survey carried out in orchards of Barbados cherry Malpighia emarginata (Malpighiaceae) in Mossor{\'o}/Assu, showed that in some conditions the lonchaeid Neosilba pendula can be important primary pest of Barbados cherry}, keywords = {hosts, pest, survey}, url = {http://200.144.6.109/docs/arq/V69_2/araujo_II.pdf}, author = {Araujo E.L. and Zucchi R.A.} } @article {1799, title = {Registro de Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine \& Steyskal (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) em umbu-caja (Anacardiaceae).}, journal = {Neotropical entomology.}, volume = {33}, year = {2004}, abstract = {Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine \& Steyskal is reported for the first time in "umbucajazeira" fruits (Spondias sp.), in Cruz das Almas, State of Bahia, Brazil. A total of 51 specimens were obtained from 4,100 fruits between March and July 2002. This is the first record of N. zadolicha in an Anacardiaceae species.}, author = {Carvalho, C.A.L. de, and Marques, O.M} } @article {1796, title = {Lonchaeidae associados a frutos de nespera, Erybotria japonica (Thunb.) Lindley (Rosaceae), com a descricao de uma especie nova de Neosilba (Diptera: Tephritoidea).}, journal = {Arquivos do Instituto Biologico Sao Paulo }, volume = {76}, year = {2009}, pages = {49-54}, abstract = {

Abstract: Loquat production in Brazil is concentrated in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and its economic importance has been growing during the last years, with more than 100 thousand trees under production, mostly in the region of Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. This article presents the diversity of Lonchaeidae species associated with loquat and describes a new species of Neosilba, N. inesperata n. sp

}, author = {Strikis, P.C. and A. P. PRADO} } @article {1711, title = {Description of 11 New Species of Neosilba (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) from Brazil, its hosts and geographical distribution}, journal = {Trends in Entomology}, volume = {7}, year = {2011}, pages = {67-79}, abstract = {

The species of genus Neosilba McAlpine are known to be distributed mainly in Neotropical region, some are polyphagous and few species are known to be monophagous or oligophagous. In this paper 11 new species of genus Neosilba are described. The geographical distribution of these new species in Brazil and their associations with host fruits are presented.

}, url = {http://researchtrends.net/tia/abstract.asp?in=0\&vn=7\&tid=20\&aid=3486\&pub=2011\&type=}, author = {Strikis, P.C.} } @article {1677, title = {Pests of cassava in south Florida}, journal = {Florida Entomologist}, year = {1982}, abstract = {ABSTRACT Insect pests found on cassava, Manihot esculenta, in southern Florida included the cassava hornworm, Erinnyis ello L. and the cassava shoot fly, Neosilba perezi Romero and Ruppel. }, author = {Pena, J.L.} } @article {1676, title = {A new species of Neosilba (Diptera, Lonchaeidae) from Brazil}, journal = {Iheringia, S{\'e}r. Zool., Porto Alegre}, volume = {99}, year = {2009}, pages = {273-275}, abstract = {A new species of Neosilba McAlpine, 1962, N. pradoi sp. nov., is described and illustrated. This new species was found in the south of Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina), in the southeast (State of S{\~a}o Paulo) and center west (State of Mato Grosso do Sul). It has been reared from fruits of guava (Psidium guajava, Myrtaceae), {\textquotedblleft}ara{\c c}{\'a}{\textquotedblright} (Psidium cattleyanum, Myrtaceae), {\textquotedblleft}guabiroba{\textquotedblright} (Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Myrtaceae), Surinam cherry (Malpighia emarginata, Malpighiaceae), cherry (Prunus avium, Rosaceae), orange (Citrus sinensis, Rutaceae), {\textquotedblleft}ing{\'a}{\textquotedblright} (Inga laurina, Fabaceae), {\textquotedblleft}espor{\~a}o-de-galo{\textquotedblright} (Celtis iguanae, Ulmaceae) and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis, Passifloraceae).}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S0073-47212009000300006}, author = {P.C. STRIKIS and Lerena, M.L.M.} } @article {1603, title = {Cassava Shoot Parasitism by Larvae of Neosilba perezi Romero \& Ruppell (Diptera, Lonchaeidae) in Southeastern S{\~a}o Paulo State, Brazil}, journal = { Neotropical Entomology }, volume = {40}, year = {2011}, pages = {312-315}, abstract = {Among the pests of cassava, the shoot fly Neosilba perezi (J. L Romero \& R F Ruppell) is one of the most prevalent. It attacks mainly the terminal shoots and causes infected plants to produce lateral shoots. Reports on this species are rare or inexistent; thus, the purpose of this study was to assess three different areas for N. perezi infestation. The survey commenced in March 2008 and ended in February 2009. Fortnightly analyses were performed starting 45 days after planting, calculating the rate of parasitism by N. perezi larvae in each study area. The areas were correlated separately for each parameter: fortnightly mean temperature, fortnightly mean rainfall, and plant age. The N. perezi larvae occurrence rate was higher in area 1 {\textendash} which presented the highest population peaks in autumn and winter. There was only a single population peak in area 2, in winter; and area 3 presented the weakest population peak among the three, in November. The shoot fly population dynamics in the studied region is separately correlated to temperature, rainfall and plant age: temperatures above 23{\textordmasculine}C, relatively high rainfall and older plants seem to have a negative effect on populations of this insect. Finally, a new species of parasitoid of N. perezi was found in the sampled areas. }, author = {Gisloti, L.J. and A. P. do Prado} } @article {1594, title = {Infestaci{\'o}n natural de Lonchaeidae (Diptera) en variedades de melocot{\'o}n Natural infestation of peach varieties by Lonchaeidae (Diptera)}, journal = {REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE ENTOMOLOGIA }, volume = {36}, year = {2010}, pages = {223 - 228}, abstract = {

The occurrence of Lonchaeidae was studied in peach fruit varieties. A total of 633 specimens of Lonchaeidae were obtained with 394 from fruit varieties on \&$\#$39;Okinawa\&$\#$39; and 239 on Ume. Captured species included Neosilba zadolicha, N. inesperata, N. pendula, N. bella, and Neosilba spp. (females). N. zadolicha and N. inesperata were observed in 77.78\% of samples from the varieties on \&$\#$39;Okinawa\&$\#$39;. On the lime rootstock, the greatest incidence was of N. zadolicha, N. inesperata and N. pendula (55.6\%, 33.3\% and 33.3\%). The varieties Ouromel 3, Talisma, Docura 2 and Aurora 2 had the highest infestation rates by Lonchaeidae. N. certa had the lowest incidence and was only observed in the variety Docura 2 on \&$\#$39;Okinawa\&$\#$39;. Plants with more fruits showed a higher incidence of flies per fruit. Nevertheless, there was no significant correlation between fruit weight and fly number. No significant difference was observed in fruit weight and number of flies per fruit between the two rootstocks, \&$\#$39;Okinawa\&$\#$39; and lime. Peaches grown on \&$\#$39;Okinawa\&$\#$39; and Ume rootstocks in the city of Presidente Prudente, are infested by Lonchaeidae species that present a preference for the different varieties, independent of fruit weight

}, author = {Montes, S.M.N.M. and Raga, A. and Boliani, A.C. and Strikis, P.C. and Dos Santos, P.C.} } @article {1593, title = {A new species of Phaenocarpa Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) from Brazil parasitizing Neosilba perezi (Diptera: Lonchaeidae)}, journal = {STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT }, volume = {46}, year = {2011}, pages = {63 - 67}, abstract = {This paper provides the description of Phaenocarpa neosilbae sp. n. (Braconidae: Alysiinae) reared from larvae of Neosilba perezi (Romero Ruppel, 1973) (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in Brazil. Diagnostic characters are figured and the key to the Neotropical species of Phaenocarpa (Arouca Penteado-Dias, 2006) is modified to include the new species}, author = {Arouca, R.G. and Penteado-Dias, A.M.} } @article {1583, title = {New records of Neosilba species (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in Bahia State, Brazil}, journal = {Neotropical Entomology}, volume = {35}, year = {2006}, pages = {282 - 283}, abstract = {

[Article in Portuguese] Four species of Neosilba are recorded from the State of Bahia, Brazil: Neosilba pendula (Bezzi), Neosilba certa (Walker), Neosilba parva (Hennig) and Neosilba glaberrima (Wiedemann).

}, keywords = {Brazil, Neosilba}, author = {Bittencourt, M.A. and Silva, A.C. and Bomfim, Z.V. and Silva, V.E. and Arujo, E.L. and Strikis, P.C.} } @article {1516, title = {Some new species of the genus Lonchaea (Diptera, Lonchaeidae)}, journal = {Canadian Entomologist}, volume = {52}, year = {1920}, pages = {246-287}, abstract = {Describes as new species Lonchaea striatifrons, (Lonchaea)= Neosilba major, (Lonchaea) = Neosilba nigrocaerulea, (Lonchaea) = Dasiops bakeri}, author = {Malloch, J.R.} } @article {1443, title = {A revision of Neosilba McAlpine with a key to the world genera of Lonchaeidae (Diptera).}, journal = {The Canadian Entomologist}, volume = {114}, year = {1982}, pages = {105 - 137}, author = {McAlpine, J.F and Steyskal, G.C.} } @article {1412, title = {A new species of Silba (Diptera, Lonchaeidae) from Puerto Rico.}, journal = {J. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico }, volume = {57}, year = {1962}, pages = {167 - 168}, abstract = {Includes the type description of (Silba) = Neosilba perezi}, author = {Romero S.J.I. and Ruppel. R.F.} } @article {1411, title = {Evaluacion de cuatro insecticidas para el control de la mosca del Chile Neosilba spp. (Diptera: Lonchaeidae), bajo dos sistemas de manejo.}, journal = {Man. Integr. Plagas }, volume = {20}, year = {1991}, pages = {57 - 60}, author = {S{\'a}nchez, A., H. and Blanco, H.. and Calvo, G. and Shannon, P.} } @article {1397, title = {Neotropical Eucoilidae (Cynipoidea) associated with fruit-infesting Tephritidae, with new records from Argentina, Bolivia and Costa Rica}, journal = {Journal of Hymenoptera Research}, volume = {7}, year = {1998}, pages = {102 - 105}, abstract = {

All 74 specimens \ of Lopheucoila anastrephae collected in Costa Rica were reared from isolated puparia of Neosilba batesi (Curran), the most abundant of the two species of Lonchaeidae in the Costa Rican samples. Although 69,000 puparia of Anastrepha and Ceratitis were collected from 1979-1982 in Costa Rica, L. anastrephae was never reared from a tephritid during this period.

Our own records suggest that Aganaspis pelleranoi may only rarely attack lonchaeids. Of 295 specimens of A. pelleranoi that we reared from isolated puparia in Costa Rica, only two were from a lonchaeid\  - Neosilba batesi (Curran)

}, author = {Wharton, R.A and Ovruski, S.M. and Gilstrap, F.E} } @article {1396, title = {Nonhost Status of Commercial Persea americana {\textquoteleft}Hass{\textquoteright} to Anastrepha ludens, Anastrepha obliqua, Anastrepha serpentina, and Anastrepha striata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Mexico}, journal = {Journal of Economic Entomology }, volume = {97}, year = {2004}, pages = {293-309.}, abstract = {Experiments in Michoac{\'a}n, Mexico, were carried out in six orchards located at three altitudes above sea level during two times (August{\textendash}October 2001 and April{\textendash}June 2002). Avacado fruit placed on the ground in orchards (n = 3,600) were occasionally infested by Neosilba batesi (Curran) (Diptera: Lonchaeidae), }, author = {Aluja, M, and D{\'\i}az-Fleischer and Arredondo, J} } @article {1394, title = {A new U.S. record for a secondary fruit infester, Neosilba batesi (Curran) (Diptera: Lonchaeidae)}, journal = {INSECTA MUNDI }, volume = {11}, year = {1997}, pages = {116}, url = {http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1260\&context=insectamundi\&sei-redir=1\&referer=http\%3A\%2F\%2Fscholar.google.co.uk\%2Fscholar\%3Fhl\%3Den\%26q\%3Dneosilba\%26as_sdt\%3D1\%252C5$\#$search=\%22neosilba\%22}, author = {Ahlmark, K and Steck, G. J.} } @proceedings {1327, title = {Neosilba (Tephritoidea: Lonchaeidae) Species Reared from Coffee in Brazil, with Description of a New Species}, year = {2006}, month = {10-15 September }, pages = {187 - 193}, address = {Salvador, BRAZIL}, abstract = {

Neosilba bella is introduced as a new species. Neosilba species are believed to be secondary invaders of fruit, so, little attention has been paid to its presence in coffee fruits. In this article we present a key to Neosilba species present in coffee fruits and describe a new species that is considered a primary invader. We hope this will help researchers working with coffee fruits to better quantify the economic importance of Neosilba species associated with coffee fruits.

}, url = {http://www.moscamed.org.br/pdf/Cap_22.pdf}, author = {Strikis, P.C. and A. P. do Prado} } @article {1325, title = {A new species of the genus Neosilba (Diptera: Lonchaeidae)}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {828}, year = {2005}, pages = {1 - 4}, abstract = {A new species Neosilba bifida is described. This genus has a wide distribution in the Neotropical region and some of its species are considered to be fruit pests, in addition to fruit flies of the family Tephritidae. This genus is also known to have a cryptic complex of species, which makes species belonging to this genus difficult to identify. Only known from S{\~a}o Bento do Sapucai, S{\~a}o Paulo, Brazil; this locality situated over 900 meters height. This species has been reared from Eriobotryia japonica (n{\^e}spera),}, author = {P.C. STRIKIS and A. P. do Prado} }